APOCRYPHA & ANCIENT TEXTS

Ancient Texts Reader

Start reading two important works preserved in the Ethiopian biblical tradition: 1 Enoch and Jubilees.

About these editions: The English translations below are historic public-domain editions by R. H. Charles. The texts are displayed from their source websites inside this page; an internet connection is required, and the source site may block embedded viewing. Use “Open full reader” if the reading panel does not load. These works are canonical in some traditions and noncanonical in many others—not simply a universally agreed list of books “removed” from the Bible.

📜 1 Enoch (Ethiopic Enoch)

An ancient Jewish apocalyptic collection covering the Watchers, Enoch’s journeys, visions of judgment, and a distinctive account of the cosmos. The complete work survives in Ge’ez; this is the English translation by R. H. Charles (1917).

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Translation credit: R. H. Charles; introduction by W. O. E. Oesterley. Public-domain edition in the United States.

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📜 The Book of Jubilees (Little Genesis)

Retells much of Genesis and part of Exodus, arranging sacred history into jubilee periods and emphasizing covenant, law, and a 364-day calendar. This is R. H. Charles’s historic English translation.

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Translation credit: R. H. Charles. The source identifies this 1917 edition as public domain in the United States.

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